- Cronología
- Ca. 1797 - 1799
- Dimensiones
- 198 x 151 mm
- Técnica y soporte
- Aguafuerte, aguatinta y punta seca
- Reconocimiento de la autoría de Goya
- Undisputed work
- Ficha: realización/revisión
- 02 Dec 2010 / 29 May 2024
- Inventario
- 225
Who else has given up? (at the bottom)
27. (in the upper right-hand corner)
See Francisco de Goya y Lucientes, Painter.
Of the three known proofs of status, one has the definitive title in manuscript, although an exclamation mark appears in place of the question mark. It also has a circular sign indicating that it should be copied in larger type. This proof is in the Bibliothèque Nationale de France in Paris.
Three preparatory drawings for this engraving are preserved (1), (2) and (3).
In the centre of the scene, a maja dressed in a mantilla and black frilly skirt is being courted by a knight with a sword at his belt and a hat in his hand. In the background, two other young women observe the situation and next to them a celestina whispers with a man. Next to the couple, in the foreground, some small dogs parody their courtship. The figures are set against an almost abstract background, as the buildings that were present in the preparatory drawing for the print, Dream No. 18, Ancient and Modern, Origin of Pride, have disappeared.
In Ayala's manuscript it is stated that this engraving is of the Duchess of Alba and Goya, while the Prado Museum manuscript states: "Neither one nor the other. He is a charlatan of love who says the same thing to everyone, and she is thinking of evacuating 5 appointments that she has given between 8 and 9 and it is 7 1/2 o'clock". Finally, reference should be made to the manuscript in the Biblioteca Nacional, which states that "a casquivano, when he solicits a woman, makes the same grimaces and cajoleries with her as a lapdog (Duchess of Alba and Goya)".
It is likely that this picture is an ironic way of depicting relations between men and women. In any case, it is difficult to admit that the painter was referring to his possible relationship with the Duchess of Alba, as most of the prints in the series of The Caprices show a marked tendency towards abstraction that gives the themes a clear universality.
The plate is preserved in the National Chalcography (no 198.)
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Goya. Gemälde Zeichnungen. Graphik. TapisserienKunsthalle BaselBasle1953from January 23th to April 12th 1953cat. 217
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De grafiek van GoyaRijksmuseum RijksprentenkabinetAmsterdam1970from November 13th 1970 to January 17th 1971cat. 27
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Goya. La década de Los CaprichosMadrid1992organized by Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando sponsored by Fundación Central Hispano, Madrid, consultant editor Nigel Glendinnig. From October 26th 1992 to January 10th 1993cat. 67
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Francisco de GoyaMuseo d'Arte ModernaLugano1996exhibition celebrated from September 22nd to November 17th.cat. 27, p.54
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Ydioma universal: Goya en la Biblioteca NacionalBiblioteca NacionalMadrid1996from September 19th to December 15th 1996cat. 117
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Francisco Goya. Sein leben im spiegel der graphik. Fuendetodos 1746-1828 Bordeaux. 1746-1996Galerie KornfeldBern1996from November 21st 1996 to January 1997cat. 33
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Goya artista de su tiempo y Goya artista únicoThe National Museum of Western ArtTokyo1999from December 1st to July 3th 1999cat. 102
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Goya's RealismStatens Museum for KunstCopenhagen2000from February 11th to May 7th 2000cat. 24
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Francisco Goya. Capricci, follie e disastri della guerraSan Donato Milanese2000Opere grafiche della Fondazione Antonio Mazzottacat. 27, p.25
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Goya e la tradizione italianaFondazione Magnani RoccaMamiano di Traversetolo (Parma)2006consultant editors Fred Licht and Simona Tosini Pizzetti. From September 9th to December 3th 2006cat. 27, p.152
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Goya. Opera graficaPinacoteca del Castello di San GiorgioLegnano2006exhibition celebrated from December 16th 2006 to April 1st 2007p.30
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Goya et la modernitéPinacothèque de ParisParís2013from October 11st 2013 to March 16th 2014cat. 189
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Madrid2017
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Hamburg2019cat. 41
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Expérience GoyaLille2021cat. 44
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2022
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Goya engravings and lithographs, vol. I y II.OxfordBruno Cassirer1964p.97, cat. 62
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Vie et ouvre de Francisco de GoyaParísOffice du livre1970p.179, cat. 504
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Goya, la década de los caprichos: dibujos y aguafuertesMadridReal Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando1992pp.113-117, cat. 65-68
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Catálogo de las estampas de Goya en la Biblioteca NacionalMadridMinisterio de Educación y Cultura, Biblioteca Nacional1996p.88, cat. 116
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El libro de los caprichos: dos siglos de interpretaciones (1799-1999). Catálogo de los dibujos, pruebas de estado, láminas de cobre y estampas de la primera ediciónMadridMuseo Nacional del Prado1999pp.172-175
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ParísPinacoteca de París2013p. 255
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Goya. In the Norton Simon MuseumPasadenaNorton Simon Museum2016pp. 42-75
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ZaragozaGobierno de Aragón y Fundación Bancaria Ibercaja2017p. 269
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HamburgHirmer2019p. 251
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Expérience Goya (cat. expo)LilleRéunion des Musées Nationaux2021p. 92
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Museo de Bellas Artes de Badajoz y Diputación de Badajoz2022p. 39