- Cronología
- 1801 - 1805
- Ubicación
- The Prado National Museum. Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Dimensiones
- Diámetro 227 cm
- Técnica y soporte
- Tempera on canvas
- Reconocimiento de la autoría de Goya
- Documented work
- Titular
- El Prado National Museum
- Ficha: realización/revisión
- 21 Feb 2010 / 13 Jun 2023
- Inventario
- (P02546)
See Agriculture.
The scene representing commerce is an everyday one. It shows what seems to be an oriental shop, as if Goya had wished to represent trade on a grand scale with faraway countries. Illuminated by the light which filters through the window on the right, two men (one of whom is wearing a turban) are writing at a table. Under the table, we can seem some sacks, while in the foreground there is a stork, an animal which accompanied depictions of commerce, according to Ripa and Badouin, since these birds help each other, just as trade requires the mutual trust and support of the different parties.
This composition is the most original of the three, since the scheme of triangular planes distinguished by lighting is not repeated; rather, the focus is on the commercial activity being carried out at the table, leaving the rest of the scene in the dark without giving it much importance. In the background we can make out another desk where a man and a woman are leafing through a book.
For more information on the whole series, see Agriculture.
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GoyaPalacio de PedralbesBarcelona1977from April 12th to June 30th 1977cat. 33
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Goya. 250 AniversarioMuseo Nacional del PradoMadrid1996consultant editor Juan J. Luna. From March 29th to June 2nd 1996cat. 116
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L'œuvre peint de Goya. 4 volsParís1928-1950vol. I, p. 137, cat. 94
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La elaboración de un cuadro de GoyaArchivo Español de ArteMadrid1945pp. 301-307
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Goya's allegories of fact and fictionThe Burlington MagazineLondon1948pp. 196-200
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Vie et ouvre de Francisco de GoyaParísOffice du livre1970pp. 165, 189, cat. 690
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BarcelonaPolígrafa1970vol. I, p. 323, cat. 478
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L’opera pittorica completa di GoyaMilanRizzoli1974p. 110, cat. 328
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Goya’s Allegories and the Sphinxes: Comerce, Agriculture, Industry and Science in situThe Burlington MagazineLondon1984pp. 34-39
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Francisco de Goya, 4 vols.ZaragozaCaja de Ahorros de Zaragoza, Aragón y Rioja1980-1982vol. III, p. 290 (il.)
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Goya, Saturno y melancolía. Consideraciones sobre el arte de GoyaStockholmAlquimis & Wiksell1962p. 120
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Goya. 250 AniversarioMadridMuseo del Prado1996p. 389, cat. 116 y p. 212 (il.)