Francisco de Goya

Datos Generales
Cronología
1801 - 1805
Ubicación
The Prado National Museum. Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Dimensiones
Diámetro 227 cm
Técnica y soporte
Tempera on canvas
Reconocimiento de la autoría de Goya
Documented work
Titular
El Prado National Museum
Ficha: realización/revisión
21 Feb 2010 / 13 Jun 2023
Inventario
(P02546)
Historia

See Agriculture.

Análisis artístico

The scene representing commerce is an everyday one. It shows what seems to be an oriental shop, as if Goya had wished to represent trade on a grand scale with faraway countries. Illuminated by the light which filters through the window on the right, two men (one of whom is wearing a turban) are writing at a table. Under the table, we can seem some sacks, while in the foreground there is a stork, an animal which accompanied depictions of commerce, according to Ripa and Badouin, since these birds help each other, just as trade requires the mutual trust and support of the different parties.

This composition is the most original of the three, since the scheme of triangular planes distinguished by lighting is not repeated; rather, the focus is on the commercial activity being carried out at the table, leaving the rest of the scene in the dark without giving it much importance. In the background we can make out another desk where a man and a woman are leafing through a book.

For more information on the whole series, see Agriculture.

Exposiciones
  • Goya
    Palacio de Pedralbes
    Barcelona
    1977
    from April 12th to June 30th 1977
  • Goya. 250 Aniversario
    Museo Nacional del Prado
    Madrid
    1996
    consultant editor Juan J. Luna. From March 29th to June 2nd 1996
Bibliografía
  • DESPARMET FITZ - GERALD, Xavier
    L'œuvre peint de Goya. 4 vols
    París
    1928-1950
    vol. I, p. 137, cat. 94
  • SÁNCHEZ CANTÓN. Francisco Javier
    La elaboración de un cuadro de Goya
    Archivo Español de Arte
    Madrid
    1945
    pp. 301-307
  • SORIA, Martín S.
    Goya's allegories of fact and fiction
    The Burlington Magazine
    London
    1948
    pp. 196-200
  • GASSIER, Pierre y WILSON, Juliet
    Vie et ouvre de Francisco de Goya
    ParísOffice du livre
    1970
    pp. 165, 189, cat. 690
  • GUDIOL RICART, José
    BarcelonaPolígrafa
    1970
    vol. I, p. 323, cat. 478
  • ANGELIS, Rita de
    L’opera pittorica completa di Goya
    MilanRizzoli
    1974
    p. 110, cat. 328
  • ROSE-DE VIEJO, Isadora
    Goya’s Allegories and the Sphinxes: Comerce, Agriculture, Industry and Science in situ
    The Burlington Magazine
    London
    1984
    pp. 34-39
  • CAMÓN AZNAR, José
    Francisco de Goya, 4 vols.
    ZaragozaCaja de Ahorros de Zaragoza, Aragón y Rioja
    1980-1982
    vol. III, p. 290 (il.)
  • NORDSTRÖM, Folke
    Goya, Saturno y melancolía. Consideraciones sobre el arte de Goya
    StockholmAlquimis & Wiksell
    1962
    p. 120
  • LUNA, Juan J. (Comisario)
    Goya. 250 Aniversario
    MadridMuseo del Prado
    1996
    p. 389, cat. 116 y p. 212 (il.)
Enlaces externos
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