Francisco de Goya

Datos Generales
Cronología
Ca. 1797 - 1799
Dimensiones
218 x 153 mm
Técnica y soporte
Etching, burnished aquatint and drypoint
Reconocimiento de la autoría de Goya
Documented work
Ficha: realización/revisión
08 Dec 2010 / 29 May 2024
Inventario
225
Inscripciones

Why hide them? (at the bottom)

30. (in the upper right-hand corner)

Historia

See Francisco de Goya y Lucientes, Painter.

There is a known status test before the letter in which the title is written in sanguine.

In the first printings the title ended in a full stop, which was later corrected by replacing it with a question mark.

Two preparatory drawings of this engraving have survived (1) and (2).

Análisis artístico

In the foreground an old miser with deformed features tries to hide, almost to protect with his bent body, two bags of coins. Next to him, slightly in the background, a man in a frock coat and top hat can be seen pointing with his hand to the left. Somewhat further back, three other figures can be seen laughing at the old man's attitude. Goya is at pains to capture the physical decrepitude of the old miser as this is, at the same time, a way of characterising him from a moral point of view.

It is possible that those to whom the situation arouses a certain hilarity are relatives of the old man, perhaps his nephews and nieces, as indicated in the interpretation of this engraving provided by the manuscripts of Ayala and the National Library, who are confidently awaiting the death of the character. These texts suggest that the subject of the image could be either a bishop or a cleric.

The Aragonese painter worked on the basis of parallel lines without delimiting the outlines of the figures, using aquatint to achieve the cohesion of the figures and to shade the different planes.

In this print Goya criticises greed, which had already been dealt with, among other cases, in Moral Dreams, Visions, and Visits of Torres with Don Francisco de Quevedo in Madrid by Diego de Torres Villarroel (Salamanca, 1693-1770).

Conservación

The plate is preserved in the National Chalcography (no. 201)

Exposiciones
  • Goya. Gemälde Zeichnungen. Graphik. Tapisserien
    Kunsthalle Basel
    Basle
    1953
    from January 23th to April 12th 1953
  • Goya. La década de Los Caprichos
    Madrid
    1992
    organized by Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando sponsored by Fundación Central Hispano, Madrid, consultant editor Nigel Glendinnig. From October 26th 1992 to January 10th 1993
  • Goya
    Nationalmuseum
    Stockholm
    1994
    consultant editors Juan J. Luna and Görel Cavalli-Björkman. From October 7th 1994 to January 8th 1995
  • Francisco de Goya
    Museo d'Arte Moderna
    Lugano
    1996
    exhibition celebrated from September 22nd to November 17th.
  • Francisco Goya. Sein leben im spiegel der graphik. Fuendetodos 1746-1828 Bordeaux. 1746-1996
    Galerie Kornfeld
    Bern
    1996
    from November 21st 1996 to January 1997
  • Francisco Goya. Capricci, follie e disastri della guerra
    San Donato Milanese
    2000
    Opere grafiche della Fondazione Antonio Mazzotta
  • Goya e la tradizione italiana
    Fondazione Magnani Rocca
    Mamiano di Traversetolo (Parma)
    2006
    consultant editors Fred Licht and Simona Tosini Pizzetti. From September 9th to December 3th 2006
  • Goya. Opera grafica
    Pinacoteca del Castello di San Giorgio
    Legnano
    2006
    exhibition celebrated from December 16th 2006 to April 1st 2007
  • Goya et la modernité
    Pinacothèque de Paris
    París
    2013
    from October 11st 2013 to March 16th 2014
Bibliografía
  • HARRIS, Tomás
    Goya engravings and lithographs, vol. I y II.
    OxfordBruno Cassirer
    1964
    p.100, cat. 65
  • GASSIER, Pierre y WILSON, Juliet
    Vie et ouvre de Francisco de Goya
    ParísOffice du livre
    1970
    p.179, cat. 510
  • WILSON BAREAU, Juliet
    Goya, la década de los caprichos: dibujos y aguafuertes
    MadridReal Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando
    1992
    pp.288-289, cat. 176
  • SANTIAGO, Elena M. (coordinadora)
    Catálogo de las estampas de Goya en la Biblioteca Nacional
    MadridMinisterio de Educación y Cultura, Biblioteca Nacional
    1996
    p.90, cat. 119
  • BLAS BENITO, Javier, MATILLA RODRÍGUEZ, José Manuel y MEDRANO, José Miguel
    El libro de los caprichos: dos siglos de interpretaciones (1799-1999). Catálogo de los dibujos, pruebas de estado, láminas de cobre y estampas de la primera edición
    MadridMuseo Nacional del Prado
    1999
    pp.184-187
  • OROPESA, Marisa and RINCÓN GARCÍA, Wilfredo
    ParísPinacoteca de París
    2013
    p. 64
  • WILSON BAREAU, Juliet
    Goya. In the Norton Simon Museum
    PasadenaNorton Simon Museum
    2016
    pp. 42-75
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